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Objective To analyze the components of attentional bias on anger and disgust emotional faces in college students with social anxiety disorder.Methods DSM-V was used for clinical diagnosis after the initial screening with Interaction Anxiousness Scale.The subjects meet the inclusion criteria were divided into social anxiety disorder group (SAD group) and healthy control group (HC group).Koster's improved dot-probe paradigm was used in a 2 (group:SAD group,HC group) ×2 (emotion categories:anger,disgust)mixed-design experiment,and the different characteristics of attentional bias between the two groups on different emotional faces were compared.Results In SAD group,under the condition of angry faces,the response times to the probe targets with the same or different positions from the negative faces were (369.7±53.0)ms and (447.2±54.3) ms,while the response times were (429.6±70.2) ms and (444.2±55.8) ms under the condition of disgust faces,and the SAD group showed attentional bias towards both anger and disgust faces (t =24.15 and 2.45,P＜0.05).Under the condition of anger faces,the response time of HC group to the consistent and inconsistent position of probe target were (466.9±40.0) ms and (483.8±43.8) ms,and the HC group had an attentional bias towards anger faces(t=6.58,P＜0.05).The response time under disgust faces was (493.8±43.6)ms and (498.0±46.7)ms in HC group,and did not show an attentional bias towards disgust(t=1.65,P=0.108).The scores of attentional orientation to anger faces in SAD group were significantly higher than those in the HC group(F=19.26,P＜0.001),but there was no significant difference between the two groups towards disgust faces (F=0.02,P=0.897).Compared with disgust faces,the attentional orientation to anger faces was faster in both HC and SAD groups (F=101.66 and 8.00,P＜0.05).Compared with the HC group,the SAD group had an impaired attentional disengagement from anger faces(F=8.66,P=0.004).Conclusion The students with social anxiety disorder have attentional bias towards both anger and disgust facial expressions,which manifested as facilitated attentional orientation and impaired attentional disengagement to anger faces.
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Objective To research the effects of five Chinese herbs of Artemisia argyi, Chimonanthus praecox, Agastache rugosa, pine needles and Osmamthus fragrans on human demodicid mites in vitro. Methods The human demodicid mites were acquired with the cellophane tape method. The ethanol heat reflux extractions were carried out on the 5 kinds of Chinese herbs to be studied and Stemona sessilifolia as the positive control, so as to get the herbal extracts. Next, the drug administration was carried out to the demodicid mites, and the inhibitory or killing effects of the 6 kinds of Chinese herbs above mentioned on the vermiform mites were observed under a microscope. It was considered to be dead when the bodies of the demodicid mites stopped moving. Besides, the duration from drug administration to death of the vermiform mites was recorded. Results Artemisia argyi, Chimonanthus praecox and Agastache rugosa could effectively inhibit and kill human demodicid mites. The effect of Artemisia argyi and Agastache rugosa was similar to the effect of Stemona sessilifolia, and the effect of Chimonanthus praecox was weaker than Stemona sessilifolia’s effect. Among them, Agastache rugosa took a relatively short time (4.60 min ± 1.66 min) min and Osmamthus fragrans took the longest time (114.65min ± 80.14min) to Demodex folliculorum; Whereas, Artemisia argyi took the shortest time (3.56min ± 1.92 min) min and Osmamthus fragrans took the longest time (194.24min ± 134.96 min) min to Demodex brevis. Conclusions The effects of Artemisia argyi and Agastache rugosa on human demodicid mites are similar to that of Stemona sessilifolia. The effects of Chimonanthus praecox and pine needles are weaker than that of Stemona sessilifolia. Osmamthus fragrans has no acaricidal effect.
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Objective:To explore the effects of suppress or enhancer of lin-12-like(Sel1L) on differentiation and function of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.Methods:To generate conditional knockout mice by the Cre-Loxp recombination system.ELISA and Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-PCR) was used for analyzing the protein levels and mRNA levels of IL-6/IL-12 in BMDCs.The protein levels of Sel1L in BMDCs were detected by Western bolt.The expression of CFSE,CD80,CD86,MHC-Ⅰ,MHC-Ⅱon BMDCs and the capability in priming OVA specific CD4+T cells proliferation were analyzed by the flow cytometry.Results:The deficiency of Sel1L decreases the proliferation of DCs during its differentiation,up-regulates the secretion of IL-6,IL-12 and the expression of MHC-Ⅰ.Notably,Sel1L-null DCs was failed to up-regulate MHC-Ⅱexpression and dramatically impaired their ability to prime OVA323-339specific CD4+T cell.Conclusion:The deletion of Sel1L can reduce the proliferation of BMDCs and down-regulate its ability in priming the proliferation of OVA specific CD4+T cells.
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Objective:To observe the effect of moxibustion on the protein and mRNA expressions of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)and corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 (CRFR1) in hypothalamus of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced experimental colitis rats,and to explore the central mechanisms of moxibustion in improving visceral pain and the pain-related emotions in experimental colitis rats.Methods:Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a normal group (NG),a model group (MG),a herb-partitioned moxibustion group (HPMG) and a sham herb-partitioned moxibustion group (SHPMG).Except the NG,rats in the remaining three groups all received TNBS enema to establish experimental colitis models.The HPMG received herb-partitioned moxibustion (HPM) at bilateral Tianshu (ST 25) and Qihai (CV 6) for intervention;for the SHPMG,the herbal cakes and moxa cones were only placed on the acupoints but not ignited;rats in the MG and NG were only fixed in the same way as those in the HPMG but did not receive any treatment.At the end of the intervention,the abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) score,the open field test (OFT) score and the elevated plus maze (EPM) score were observed to measure the changes in visceral pain and pain-related emotions of the rats.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to examine the expressions of CRF and CRFR1 proteins in hypothalamus;the fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expressions of CRF and CRFR1 mRNAs in hypothalamus.Results:Compared with the NG,the AWR score increased significantly and the OFT and EPM scores dropped significantly in the MG (all P＜0.05),and the expressions of hypothalamic CRF and CRFR1 proteins and mRNAs increased significantly (all P＜0.01).Compared with the MG and SHPMG,the AWR score dropped significantly and the OFT and EPM scores increased significantly in the HPMG (all P＜0.01),and the expressions of hypothalamic CRF and CRFR1 proteins and mRNAs decreased significantly (all P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between the MG and the SHPMG (all P＞0.05).Conclusion:HPM can down-regulate the abnormally increased expressions of CRF and CRFR1 proteins and mRNAs in hypothalamus of the TNBS-induced experimental colitis rats,which is plausibly one of its action mechanisms in mitigating visceral pain and the pain-related emotions in the experimental colitis rats.
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Objective To explore the correlation between 5-LO,Hcy and the stability of carotid artery arteriosclerosis (CAS).Methods A total of 176 patients diagnosis as CAS were assigned as study group then subdivided into stable plaques SP (group) and instable plaques IP(group).108 healthy volunteers were assigned as control group.The serum levels of 5-LO and Hcy were measured and the relationship between the two groups were analyzed.The risk factors of CAS were investigated by Logistic regression analysis and 5-LO and Hcy were used to predict the stability of carotid atherosclerotic plaque by drawing ROC curve.Results The levels of 5-LO and Hcy in the IP group were higher than those in the SP group and the control group(P＜0.05).The level of Hcy in SP group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05),while there is no statistical significance between SP and control group in the level of serum 5-LO(P＞0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that 5-LO,Hcy and diabetes were the risk factors of CAS (P＜0.05).The ROC curve indicate that the optimal cut-off concentration of 5-LO was 232.89 pg/mL for discriminating the IP from SP,the sensibility and specificity were 84.4％ and 81.8％ respectively.And the optimal cut-off concentration of Hcy was 12.53 μmol/L and the sensibility and specificity were 70.1％ and 66.7％ respectively.Conclusion Serum 5-LO and Hcy are risk factors for predicting the stability of CAS plaques;regulating both levels may be a potential target for clinically stable CAS.
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Objective To explore the mediating effect of attentional control between negative automatic thoughts and social anxiety.methods A total of 1 504 college freshmen of medical university were surveyed with the Interaction Anxiety Scale (IAS),the Automatic Thoughts questionnaire (ATQ) and the Attentional Control Scale (ACS).Result sThe scores of IAS,ACS and ATQ of medical freshmen were (39.36±8.15),(53.50±7.48) and (48.93±19.72) respectively.Correlation analysis showed that ATQ total score was significantly positively correlated with IAS total score(r=0.313,P<0.01),ATQ total score was significantly negatively correlated with ACS total score(r=-0.275,P<0.01),and ACS score was significantly negatively correlated with IAS total score(r=-0.455,P<0.01).Mediating effect analysis showed that attentional control partly-mediated the relationship between negative automatic thoughts and social anxiety among medical freshmen (x2/df=1.650,GFI=0.998,AGFI=0.993,RMSEA=0.021),and accounted for 50.8% of the mediating effect.Conclusion Negative automatic thoughts is an important factor which plays direct and indirect roles in social anxiety.Attentional control is the intermediate link between negative automatic thoughts and social anxiety.
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Objective To study the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) and hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level and mental behaviors of Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods During the period from 2014 January to 2016 January,20 subjects were selected from inpatients of the third hospital of yunnan porvince,before and after treatment,the plasma levels of Hcy and hs-CRP in patients with AD were tested by enzymatic methods.The pathological behavior rating scale (concerns-AD) was used to estimate the treatment effect.Results There were significant differences in the mental behavior score and Hcy and CRP levels between the before and after the treatment in AD patients (P＜0.01) Conclusion Plasma levels of Hcy and CRP have correlation with mental behaviors of patients with AD.
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To explore the effect of vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizoma on endogenous metabolites in bile by investigating the endogenous metabolites difference in bile before and after Curcumae Rhizoma was processed with vinegar. Alcohol extracts of crude and vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizoma, as well as normal saline were prepared respectively, which were then given to the rats by intragastric administration for 0.5 h. Then common bile duct intubation drainage was conducted to collect 12 h bile of the rats. UPLC-TOF-MS analysis of bile samples was applied after 1∶3 acetonitrile protein precipitation; unidimensional statistics were combined with multivariate statistics and PeakView software was compared with network database to identify the potential biomarkers. Vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizoma extracts had significant effects on metabolites spectrum in bile of the rats. With the boundaries of P<0.05, 13 metabolites with significant differences were found in bile of crude and vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizoma groups, and 8 of them were identified when considering the network database. T-test unidimensional statistical analysis was applied between administration groups and blank group to obtain 7 metabolites with significant differences and identify them as potential biomarkers. 6 of the potential biomarkers were up-regulated in vinegar-processed group, which were related to the metabolism regulation of phospholipid metabolism, fat metabolism, bile acid metabolism, and N-acylethanolamine hydrolysis reaction balance, indicating the mechanism of vinegar-processed Curcumae Rhizoma on endogenous metabolites in bile of the rats.
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This study was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activities of flavans from flex centrochinensis S. Y. Hu in vitro and their structure-activity relationship. LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage was used as inflammatory model. MTT assay for cell availability, Griess reaction for nitric oxide (NO) production, the content of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 and PGE, were detected with ELISA kits; DPPH, superoxide anion and hydroxyl free radicals scavenging activities were also investigated. According to the result, all flavans tested exhibited anti-inflammatory effect in different levels. Among them, compounds 1, 3, 4 and 6 showed potent anti-inflammatory effect through the inhibition of NO, TNF-alpha, IL-lp and IL-6, of which 1 was the most effective inhibitor, however, 2 and 5 were relatively weak or inactive. The order of free radical scavenging activities was similar to that of anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, these results suggest that 3, 4 and 6, especially of 1, were,in part responsible for the anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging activity of Ilex centrochinensis. Hydroxyl group at 4'-position of B-ring plays an important role in the anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging capacities.
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Animals , Mice , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Cell Line , Cyclooxygenase 2 , Allergy and Immunology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Flavanones , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Free Radical Scavengers , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Ilex , Chemistry , Interleukin-6 , Allergy and Immunology , Macrophages , Allergy and Immunology , Nitric Oxide , Allergy and Immunology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation of the autophagy-associated gene Atg5 with the pathogenesis of prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry, we detected the expression of Atg5 in 50 cases of prostate intraepithelial neoplasm (PIN), 69 cases of prostate cancer (PCa), and 30 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression level of Atg5 mRNA was significantly higher in PIN (5.270 ± 0.230) and PCa (5.131 ± 0.252) than in the BPH tissue (1.723 ± 0.017) (P <0.01), and so was the positive rate of the Atg5 expression in the patients of the PIN group (94%) and PCa group (88.4%) than in those of the BPH group (6.7%) (P<0.01), but with no statistically significant differences between the PIN and PCa groups (P >0.05). No significant correlation was observed between the expression of Atg5 and the Gleason score of PCa (P >0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The upregulated expression of Atg5 might play a role in the tumorigenesis of prostate cancer.</p>
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Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Autophagy , Autophagy-Related Protein 5 , Immunohistochemistry , Microtubule-Associated Proteins , Genetics , Prostatic Hyperplasia , Genetics , Prostatic Neoplasms , Genetics , RNA, Messenger , Metabolism , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Methods , Up-RegulationABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of simulated 400 m He-O2 saturation diving on the pulmonary oxidative-antioxidative system in rats.Methods SD rats were exposed to 4.1 MPa He-O2 mixture for 24 h in an animal chamber. Normal air pressure was used in the control group .The histopathology , contents of malondialdehyde ( MDA) , 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG),and glutathione(GSH) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxi-dase( GSH-Px) in pulmonary tissues were determined .Results No difference was found during pathological examination or in MDA, 8-OHdG and SOD activity.GSH and GSH-Px activity were decreased significantly (P<0.05) after hyperbaric exposure.Conclusion Exposure to 4.1 MPa He-O2 for 24 h may promote oxidative stress and reduce antioxidative capacity rather than cause obvious oxidative damage in rat lungs .
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This study was aimed to establish a stable animal model of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) to provide theoretical and experimental basis for understanding the development of LVH. The abdominal aorta of male Wistar rats (80-100 g) was constricted to a diameter of 0.55 mm between the branches of the celiac and anterior mesenteric arteries. Echocardiography using a linear phased array probe was performed as well as pathological examination and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) measurement at 3, 4 and 6 weeks after abdominal aortic constriction (AAC). The results showed that the acute mortality rate (within 24 h) of this modified rat model was 8%. Animals who underwent AAC demonstrated significantly increased interventricular septal (IVS), LV posterior wall (LVPWd), LV mass index (LVMI), cross-sectional area (CSA) of myocytes, and perivascular fibrosis; the ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), and cardiac output (CO) were consistently lower at each time point after AAC. Notably, differences in these parameters between AAC group and sham group were significant by 3 weeks and reached peaks at 4th week. Following AAC, the plasma BNP was gradually elevated compared with the sham group at 3rd and 6th week. It was concluded that this modified AAC model can develop LVH, both stably and safely, by week four post-surgery; echocardiography is able to assess changes in chamber dimensions and systolic properties accurately in rats with LVH.
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This study was aimed to establish a stable animal model of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) to provide theoretical and experimental basis for understanding the development of LVH. The abdominal aorta of male Wistar rats (80-100 g) was constricted to a diameter of 0.55 mm between the branches of the celiac and anterior mesenteric arteries. Echocardiography using a linear phased array probe was performed as well as pathological examination and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) measurement at 3, 4 and 6 weeks after abdominal aortic constriction (AAC). The results showed that the acute mortality rate (within 24 h) of this modified rat model was 8%. Animals who underwent AAC demonstrated significantly increased interventricular septal (IVS), LV posterior wall (LVPWd), LV mass index (LVMI), cross-sectional area (CSA) of myocytes, and perivascular fibrosis; the ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), and cardiac output (CO) were consistently lower at each time point after AAC. Notably, differences in these parameters between AAC group and sham group were significant by 3 weeks and reached peaks at 4th week. Following AAC, the plasma BNP was gradually elevated compared with the sham group at 3rd and 6th week. It was concluded that this modified AAC model can develop LVH, both stably and safely, by week four post-surgery; echocardiography is able to assess changes in chamber dimensions and systolic properties accurately in rats with LVH.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Aorta, Abdominal , Pathology , Constriction, Pathologic , Disease Models, Animal , Echocardiography , Methods , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Heart , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular , Blood , Pathology , Myocardium , Pathology , Natriuretic Peptide, Brain , Blood , Rats, Wistar , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) reference standards plays an important role in the quality control of Chinese herbal pieces. This paper overviewed the development of TCM reference standards. By analyzing the 2010 edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia, the application of TCM reference standards in the quality control of Chinese herbal pieces was summarized, and the problems exiting in the system were put forward. In the process of improving the quality control level of Chinese herbal pieces, various kinds of advanced methods and technology should be used to research the characteristic reference standards of Chinese herbal pieces, more and more reasonable reference standards should be introduced in the quality control system of Chinese herbal pieces. This article discussed the solutions in the aspect of TCM reference standards, and future development of quality control on Chinese herbal pieces is prospected.
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Humans , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Reference Standards , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Reference Standards , Quality Control , Reference StandardsABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effects of Curcuma Rhizoma before and after being processed with vinegar on hepatic fibrosis in rats induced by CCl4 composited factors and to discuss their mechanism. Methods: Rat models of hepatic fibrosis were established by sc injection of 40% CCl4 olive solution and ig administration with alcohol and high fat food for seven weeks. The rats were randomly divided into control, model, colchicin (0.2 mg/kg, positive), raw Curcuma Rhizoma (RCR, 0.95 and 1.90 g/kg), and Curcuma Rhizoma after being processed with vinegar (CRV, 0.95 and 1.90 g/kg) groups. The rats in each group were administered with the corresponding drugs once daily for eight weeks. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBiL), hyaluronic acid (HA), and laminin (LN) in serum, liver index, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydroxyproline (Hyp) in liver tissue were determined. Liver pathology and fibrosis were observed by HE staining and Masson staining. Results: Compared with the control group, there were classic liver cirrhosis pathological changes in model groups, and the levels of serum ALT, AST, TBiL, HA, and LN and the contents of Hyp and MDA were significantly increased. The activity of SOD was significantly decreased. In comparison with the model group, both RCR and CRV could improve the liver function parameters in different degrees. But the effect of CRV was superior to that of RCR, and the high-dose group of CRV had obvious advantages. Conclusion: CRV shows the better prevention and treatment on hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl4 composited factor in rats.
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Diving medicine is one of the branches of military medicine, and plays an important role in naval development. This review introduces the progress of researches on undersea and hyperbaric physiology and medicine in the past few years in China. The article describes our research achievement in conventional diving and its medical support, researches on saturation diving and its medical support, submarine escape and its medical support, effects of hyperbaric environments and fast buoyancy ascent on immunological and cardiological functions. Diving disorders (including decompression sickness and oxygen toxicity) are also introduced.
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Humans , China , Decompression Sickness , Diving , Physiology , Military Medicine , Submarine MedicineABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether a simulated He-O2 saturation dive to 65 msw would affect oxidative balance in humans.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seven divers participated in a simulated saturation dive to 0.75 MPa (65 msw). 24-h urine samples were collected twice before, twice during, and twice after the dive, then were analyzed for contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), total amino acid (T-AA) and total anti-oxidant capacity (T-AOC). Meanwhile, total urine volume and body weight were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The content of T-AA was higher. (P < 0.05) than the base value in final decompression, but reverse to normal at one week after decompression. There were no changes in contents of SOD, MDA and T-AOC during and after the dive compared with their basic value. Total urine volume was lower (P < 0.05, vs basic value) at first day in chamber, then returned to normal. Body weight gradually increased after compression till the end of decompression (higher than basic value, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These data indicate that simulated saturation dive to 65 msw may not induce obvious oxidative damage, but it is necessary to monitor 24-h urine volume and oxidative sress by time in order to prevent from tissue injury.</p>
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Adult , Humans , Male , Amino Acids , Urine , Decompression , Diving , Physiology , Helium , Chemistry , Malondialdehyde , Urine , Oxidative Stress , Physiology , Oxygen , ChemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether moxibustion regulates tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), and TNFR2 in the intestinal mucosa and to explore whether moxibustion could be used by means of this mechanism, to repair the intestinal epithelium barrier disruption in Crohn's disease (CD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The CD rat models were established by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBs), randomly divided into a model control (MC) group, an herb-partition moxibustion (HPM) group, a mild-warm moxibustion (MWM) group, and a salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP) group, and all were compared with a normal control (NC) group. The HPM and MWM groups were treated by moxibustion at Tianshu (ST25) and Qihai (RN6) for 14 days, and the SASP group obtained the SASP solution orally for the same period of time. The intestinal epithelium morphology and TNF-α, TNFR1, and TNFR2 contents were observed by the transmission electron microscopy and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The severity of morphological changes in CD intestinal epithelium was obviously improved, and the levels of TNF-α, TNFR1, and TNFR2 in the intestinal mucosa all significantly decreased in the HPM and MWM groups. However, there were no significant differences between the HPM and MWM groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The moxibustion therapies (HPM and MWM) could reduce intestinal inflammation and restore intestinal epithelium barrier disruption in CD, which might be due to down-regulating TNF-α, TNFR1, and TNFR2 in intestinal mucosa and improving intestinal epithelium morphology.</p>
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Animals , Male , Rats , Cell Membrane Permeability , Physiology , Crohn Disease , Metabolism , Pathology , Therapeutics , Disease Models, Animal , Down-Regulation , Intestinal Mucosa , Metabolism , Pathology , Physiology , Moxibustion , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I , Metabolism , Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II , Metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , MetabolismABSTRACT
This study was purposed to investigate the changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis pathways in rabbits suffered from the acute decompression sickness(DCS). Model of DCS in rabbits was established. Survival rate and symptoms of DCS in animal model was monitored. The prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen (Fib), fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) and D-dimers were measured before compression and at 0, 3, 24 hours after decompression by latex agglutination semiquantitative methods. The changes of plasmin-antiplasmin complex (PAP), fibrinopeptide A (FPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and thrombomodulin (TM) were measured by ELISA at different time points after decompression. The results showed that the model of DCS in rabbits was successfully established. There was a statistically significant extension in APTT, TT, increase of Fib concentration at 15 minutes after decompression, the changes were peaked at 3 hours and recovered at 24 hours after decompression. The concentration of FDP significantly decreased at 3 hours after decompression. The concentration of D-dimers significantly increased at 24 hours after decompression in rabbits model with DCS. FPA concentration was significantly increased at 15 minutes and recovered at 24 hours after decompression. PAP concentration was increased after decompression, but had no significant changes. PAI-1 could not be detected. TM significantly increased after decompression. It is concluded that the acute DCS significantly impacts on blood coagulation system in rabbit model. It is shown that hypocoagulation occurred at initial time and hyperfibrinolysis subsequently, which varied with time. The damage of blood vessel endothelium may be one of the causes of these variations.
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Animals , Male , Rabbits , Blood Coagulation , Decompression Sickness , Blood , Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products , Metabolism , Fibrinolysis , Partial Thromboplastin Time , Prothrombin Time , Thrombin TimeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors of Chinese patients with mantle cell lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and two cases of mantle cell lymphoma occurring in Chinese patients were studied by light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. The follow-up information was also analyzed. The cases were classified as mantle zone, nodular or diffuse patterns and as typical or blastoid variants. Age, Ann-Arbor staging, B symptoms, hematologic parameters, histologic variants, mitotic index and immunophenotype were assessed for possible prognostic implication.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median age of the patients was 59 years (range: 30 to 79 years) and the male-to-female ratio was 2.92:1. Seventy-one patients (87.65%) presented with advanced stage disease (Ann Arbor stage III to IV). B symptoms were present in 45.45% of patients. The commonest site of involvement was lymph node (100%). The other involved sites included bone marrow (64.44%), spleen (63.16%), Waldeyer's ring (31.25%), peripheral blood (29.41%), liver (22.64%) and gastrointestinal tract (14.71%). All cases expressed B-cell markers but were negative for T-cell marker. Majority of cases were positive for cyclin D1 (94.12%) and CD5 (71.43%). Blastoid variant accounted for 24.51% of cases. Amongst the 68 cases with follow-up data available, the median survival was 10 months. Parameters associated with shorter survival included diffuse pattern, blastoid variant, high mitotic index, high proliferative activity and presence of bone marrow involvement.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors of mantle cell lymphoma occurring in Chinese are similar to those in Caucasians. Diffuse pattern, blastoid variant, high mitotic index, high proliferative activity and involvement of bone marrow indicate poor prognosis.</p>